![]() ![]() You can get A LOT done in a massive bleed with two solid 16 gauge peripheral IVs. I will make this clear, though, as I posted this earlier in the life of my Instagram page. Non-standard for that institution, of course. But depending on what institution you work at, you may get a funny look on your face if you ask for it by the non-standard name. I mean, aren’t they both just large bore central lines for the purpose of infusion blood quickly or floating a central line? Well yes, they are. Quick! We need to resuscitate this patient with blood STAT! Call for the massive transfusion protocol and grab me a Cordis STAT!ĭo you know what it means if they asked for an introducer?Īs mentioned, for many years I was confused myself. I used to hear these words called out in an emergency situation as follows: Infarct porcine model experimental results.When I was starting my medical training, I had no idea what the difference was between a Cordis and a MAC introducer. Healthy porcine model experimental results. Note that only positive temperature changes above baseline are shown since they correspond to the RF-induced heating. ![]() The red zone represents a GTH greater than 2☌, which is not considered procedurally safe. A clear increase in temperature is detected at the tip of the stainless-steel guidewire at positions 1 and 3 during imaging with the TSE sequence. ![]() The guidewire tip was placed at position 1 to mimic the descending aorta (DA) location, position 2 to mimic the aortic arch (AA) location, and position 3 to mimic the left ventricle (LV) location. Guidewire tip heating (GTH) for stainless steel guidewire only, glass-fiber epoxy-based guidewire only, and glass-fiber epoxy-based guidewire with braided catheter over time during the phantom heating experiments using the gradient echo (GRE, blue line) and turbo spin echo (TSE, red line) sequences. GTH was measured at three different positions representing the descending aorta (DA, position 1, top), the aortic arch (AA, position 2, middle), and the left ventricle (LV, position 3, bottom).Įxamples of temperature recordings over time in phantom heating experiments. GTH measured with GRE (blue) and TSE (red) sequences during phantom experiments for a stainless-steel guidewire (left), the glass-fiber epoxy-based MR guidewire (center), and the same MR guidewire in combination with three different catheters (right). Guidewire Tip Heating (GTH) during phantom experiments. ![]() The signal void intensity (e.g., region of interest 1 in c4), surrounding blood signal intensity (e.g., ROI 2 in c4), and background noise (e.g., ROI 3 in c4) were measured to calculate the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the guidewire tip. The corresponding signal void dimensions (e.g., a4) measured in the LV cavity are shown in the last column. The first three columns show the MR guidewire in the descending aorta, aortic arch, and LV during steps 2–4. Glass-fiber epoxy-based guidewire (MR guidewire) visualization examples during the left ventricle (LV) catheterization procedure in healthy subjects (a, b) and subjects with an infarct (c, d). Representative examples of real-time MR images from porcine model experiments. The MRI-visible glass-fiber epoxy-based guidewire (MR guidewire) tip and thermal probe were placed at three positions to mimic the spatial locations of the descending aorta (position 1), the aortic arch (position 2), and the left ventricle (position 3). (a) Coronal and (b) Sagittal views of the experimental setup. (e) 6 Fr x 100 cm braided catheter (Expo, Boston Scientific).Įxperimental setup for evaluating device heating in the ASTM torso phantom. (b) 0.035” × 260 cm stainless steel guidewire (Rosen, Cook Medical) (c) 7 French (Fr) x 110 cm non-metallic balloon-wedge pressure catheter (Arrow, Teleflex) (d) 7 Fr x 110 cm non-metallic Swan-Ganz catheter (True Size Double Lumen Monitoring Catheter, Edwards Lifesciences). (a) diameter 0.035” × length 260 cm MRI-visible glass-fiber epoxy-based guidewire (MaRVis). The guidewire maneuvering was performed by operator 1 in the MRI scanner room and the real-time scan was controlled by operator 2 in the MRI control room.Ĭardiac catheterization devices evaluated in the phantom and porcine model experiments. MRI scanner room setup for cardiac catheterization experiments. ![]()
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